European Commission Clarifies Rules for Recycled Content in PET Beverage Bottles

The European Commission has adopted new rules establishing a harmonized methodology for calculating, verifying and reporting recycled content in single-use polyethylene terephthalate (PET) beverage bottles. The measures form part of the EU’s plastics package introduced in December 2025 and are intended to support implementation of the Single-Use Plastics Directive.

The new methodology provides a common framework for determining recycled content in PET bottles and applies to both mechanical and chemical recycling processes. By introducing standardized reporting requirements, the Commission aims to improve transparency, create a level playing field for recyclers and provide greater regulatory certainty for investment in plastic recycling technologies.

Mechanical recycling remains the dominant route for processing plastic waste, converting sorted and cleaned plastics into new products through physical reprocessing. However, certain waste streams, including plastics contaminated with food residues, additives or mixed materials, are difficult to recycle mechanically. Chemical recycling can complement existing systems by breaking plastics down into molecular building blocks that can be used as feedstock for new plastics or other chemical products, particularly where high-quality recycled material is required for applications such as food-contact packaging.

The new rules also define which recycled plastics can be counted toward the EU’s recycled-content targets. Initially, only recycled plastic originating from EU and European Economic Area (EEA) countries will qualify, where compliance with EU environmental requirements can be verified.

From November 21, 2027, recycled plastic produced in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries will also be eligible unless restricted under the EU Waste Shipment Regulation. Recycled material from non-OECD countries may also qualify where agreements ensure environmental protection and human health standards equivalent to those required under EU legislation, including the Waste Framework Directive and the Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation.

The Commission said recycled content must be measured using credible, traceable and environmentally robust standards to ensure consistent reporting across the European market.

The implementing act will be published in the Official Journal of the European Union and will enter into force 20 days after publication.

Source: European Commission

SUNSHINE Spotlight: The EU’s new methodology provides greater clarity on how recycled content in PET beverage bottles is measured, supporting investment in both mechanical and chemical recycling while advancing recycled-content targets under European plastics legislation.